How to Add Nanite in Unreal Engine 5 (UE5)

Unreal Engine 5 (UE5) has introduced a host of new technologies that redefine how 3D graphics are rendered, and Nanite is one of the standout features. Nanite is a virtualized geometry system that enables developers to use high-resolution assets directly in their projects without worrying about polygon counts or performance degradation. This powerful tool can drastically improve the visual quality of your game or application by allowing you to import film-quality assets without manually optimizing them for performance.

Step 1: Setting Up Your Project for Nanite

Before you can start using Nanite, you need to make sure your project is properly set up. Here’s how to get started:

Download and Install Unreal Engine 5: First, ensure you have the latest version of Unreal Engine 5 installed on your computer. You can download it from the Epic Games Launcher.
Create or Open an Existing Project: Open the Unreal Engine 5 Editor and either create a new project or open an existing one where you want to add Nanite support. When creating a new project, make sure to select a template that suits your needs (e.g., a blank project or a third-person template).
Enable Nanite in Project Settings:

Go to Edit > Project Settings.
Navigate to the Rendering section.
Ensure that Support Compute Skin Cache is enabled, as this is required for Nanite to function properly.
Additionally, confirm that Virtual Texture Support is enabled under the Virtual Textures section, as Nanite leverages virtual texturing to manage high-detail assets efficiently.

Step 2: Converting Assets to Nanite

Once your project is set up for Nanite, you can start converting your static mesh assets to use Nanite’s virtualized geometry. Here’s how to convert assets to Nanite in Unreal Engine 5:

Import or Select an Asset:

If you’re importing a new high-resolution model, go to File > Import Into Level and choose your 3D model file (such as .FBX or .OBJ). Make sure to check all import settings, such as scale and materials, to match your project requirements.
If you’re using an existing asset, locate it in the Content Browser.

Open the Static Mesh Editor:

Double-click on the asset to open the Static Mesh Editor. This editor provides detailed settings for the selected mesh.

Enable Nanite for the Asset:

In the Static Mesh Editor, find the Nanite Settings section in the Details panel.
Check the box labeled Enable Nanite Support.
Click on Apply Changes to convert the asset to use Nanite. Once enabled, you’ll notice that the triangle count will adapt dynamically based on the screen space, which is the hallmark of Nanite’s virtualized geometry.

Save the Asset:

Save the asset after enabling Nanite to ensure the changes are applied and the asset is ready to use in your level.

Step 3: Optimizing Nanite Assets

Now that you have Nanite enabled on your assets, it’s important to optimize them to get the best performance and visual fidelity. Here are some tips for optimizing Nanite assets:

Check Triangles and Clusters:

Nanite breaks down models into clusters of triangles. In the Static Mesh Editor, you can visualize the clusters by clicking the Nanite Visualization mode.
Review the clusters and ensure they are evenly distributed. If not, consider adjusting the mesh or re-importing with different settings.

Adjust Pixel Error Tolerance:

In the Nanite Settings, adjust the Pixel Error value. This setting controls the visual fidelity of the mesh at different distances.
Lower values will maintain higher detail at greater distances, which is more demanding on performance, while higher values will reduce detail further away, improving performance.

Test Performance Impact:

Place your Nanite-enabled assets into your level and run the game in Play Mode.
Monitor performance using the Stat Nanite command in the console (~ key to open the console). This command provides detailed statistics on how Nanite is performing, including the number of triangles being rendered and the memory footprint.

Leverage Lumen for Global Illumination:

Nanite works exceptionally well with Lumen, UE5’s real-time global illumination system. Make sure to enable Lumen for dynamic lighting and reflections, which complements Nanite’s high-detail assets beautifully.
You can enable Lumen in the Project Settings under the Rendering section by selecting Dynamic Global Illumination Method and Reflections Method to Lumen.

Step 4: Testing and Troubleshooting

After setting up Nanite and optimizing your assets, it’s crucial to thoroughly test your project to ensure it runs smoothly across different hardware configurations.

Check Compatibility:

While Nanite is designed to run efficiently on modern GPUs, it’s important to test on different hardware to ensure optimal performance. Consider using Unreal Engine’s Profiling Tools to gather performance data and identify any bottlenecks.

Debug Visual Issues:

If you notice any visual artifacts or issues with your Nanite assets, use the Nanite Visualization modes to debug and refine your assets. These tools can help identify problems with clusters, UV maps, or texture compression.

Optimize Further:

If performance is still not where you’d like it, consider additional optimization techniques like reducing texture resolution, optimizing lighting, or disabling Nanite for distant assets where high detail isn’t necessary.

Conclusion

Adding Nanite to your Unreal Engine 5 project can dramatically improve the visual fidelity and performance of your game or application. By following the steps outlined above, you can easily enable Nanite on your assets and start leveraging the power of this virtualized geometry system. With Nanite, you no longer have to compromise between detail and performance, allowing for more immersive and visually stunning experiences.

By carefully setting up your project, converting and optimizing your assets, and thoroughly testing for performance, you can make the most of Nanite in Unreal Engine 5. As you become more familiar with this technology, you’ll find new ways to push the boundaries of what’s possible in real-time rendering. Happy developing!